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Origanum syriacum
''Origanum syriacum''; syn. ''Majorana syriaca'' (also ''Origanum maru'', although this primarily refers to a hybrid of ''O. syriacum''),〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Za'atar, a renowned herb blend, and events inspired by it )〕 bible hyssop,〔 Biblical-hyssop,〔 Lebanese oregano〔 or Syrian oregano,〔 is an aromatic perennial herb in the mint family, Lamiaceae. It is a preferred primary ingredient in the spice mixture za'atar, and the plant may also be called za'atar. So precious is this herb that in the Levant, Arabs will send out foraging parties to gather it. In Modern Hebrew, it is called ezov, and it may have been the ''ezov'' of Classical Hebrew.〔Based on the Judeo-Arabic translation of the word in the works of Rabbi Saadia Gaon (in his ''Tafsir'', a translation of the Pentateuch, Exo. 12:22), Rabbi Hai Gaon's ''Mishnah'' commentary (''Seder Taharot''), Rabbi Jonah ibn Janah (''Sefer HaShorashim'' - Book of the Roots, s.v. אזב - ''aleph'', ''zayn'', ''bet''), and Maimonides (in his ''Mishnah'' Commentary, ''Nega'im'' 14:6).〕 In many English translations of the Bible, ''ezov'' is rendered as hyssop, hence the common name bible hyssop. However, in English, hyssop generally refers to a different plant. ''Origanum syriacum'' is native to the Middle East.〔
''Origanum syriacum'' grows to a height of 1 meter. The plant is pollinated by bees. Flowers are small and white or pale pink.
''Origanum syriacum'' is harvested in the wild for use in preparing ''za'atar'', although it has recently entered cultivation due to high levels of demand.
In Egypt, ''Origanum syriacum'' subsp. ''sinaicum'' is a very rare plant grown on stony grounds in Sinai Peninsula including the coastal Mediterranean strip. From the conservation point of view it is an endangered plant. A study of the agronomic and chemical potential of ''O. syriacum'' subsp. ''sinaicum'' showed that it was superior to ''O. vulgare'' subsp. ''hirtum'' in herb and oil yields per acre. They also found that the major constituents in the essential oil of ''O. syriacum'' subsp. ''sinaicum'' was dominated by thymol, gamma-terpinene and p-cymene in a descending manner.
==References==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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